Orthopedic Surgeons and the Evolution of Robotic Surgery

Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD) is a common condition that affects the spine, particularly the intervertebral discs, which act as cushions between the vertebrae. Over time, these discs can lose their flexibility, hydration, and shock-absorbing abilities, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility. Though DDD is a natural part of aging, it can be exacerbated by factors like injury, genetics, or repetitive stress. When conservative treatments fail to alleviate symptoms, Orthopedic Surgeon in Houston, Texas play a crucial role in managing the condition, often opting for both non-surgical and surgical interventions.

1. Non-Surgical Treatments

The majority of patients with DDD respond well to non-surgical treatments, which aim to relieve pain, improve function, and prevent further degeneration. Orthopedic surgeons typically begin with these conservative methods before considering surgery.

• Physical Therapy: One of the most effective non-invasive treatments for DDD is physical therapy. Surgeons often recommend a tailored exercise program that focuses on strengthening the muscles supporting the spine, improving posture, and enhancing flexibility. This can help reduce the pressure on the affected discs and alleviate pain.
• Medications: Pain management is a key component of DDD treatment. Over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen may help reduce inflammation and ease discomfort. In cases of more severe pain, surgeons may prescribe muscle relaxants, corticosteroids, or nerve pain medications.
• Epidural Steroid Injections: If pain persists despite conservative measures, orthopedic surgeons may recommend epidural steroid injections. These injections deliver powerful anti-inflammatory drugs directly into the affected area of the spine, providing temporary relief from pain and inflammation.
• Lifestyle Changes: Weight management, ergonomic adjustments, and lifestyle modifications, such as avoiding heavy lifting or practicing good posture, can significantly impact the progression of DDD. Orthopedic surgeons often emphasize these changes to prevent further strain on the spine.

2. Surgical Treatments

When non-surgical treatments are insufficient, orthopedic surgeons may recommend surgery to address the underlying structural issues caused by DDD. Surgical options vary depending on the severity of the condition and the patient’s overall health.

• Discectomy: One of the most common surgical treatments for DDD is a discectomy, which involves removing the damaged portion of the intervertebral disc that is pressing on a nerve or causing significant pain. This procedure can help relieve nerve compression and improve mobility.
• Spinal Fusion: In cases where disc degeneration is more advanced and causes instability in the spine, spinal fusion surgery may be recommended. During this procedure, the surgeon removes the damaged disc and fuses the two adjacent vertebrae together, stabilizing the spine. While this can provide pain relief and prevent further degeneration, it reduces flexibility in the affected area.
• Artificial Disc Replacement: For patients who are suitable candidates, artificial disc replacement can be an alternative to spinal fusion. This procedure involves removing the damaged disc and replacing it with an artificial one, which helps maintain spinal motion while relieving pain.
• Laminectomy: In some cases, when DDD causes nerve compression, a laminectomy may be performed. This procedure involves removing part of the vertebral bone (the lamina) to create more space for the nerves, reducing pressure and alleviating symptoms.

3. Rehabilitation and Recovery

Regardless of the treatment approach, rehabilitation is essential for a successful recovery. After surgery, patients are typically referred for physical therapy to regain strength, flexibility, and function. Non-surgical treatments also require regular follow-up visits to monitor progress and adjust the treatment plan as necessary.

Eric F Berkman MD – Top Rated Orthopedic Surgeon in Houston, Texas. Specializing in treating various orthopedic conditions of shoulder, elbow, knee, hand, and foot and ankle. Orthopedic injuries are common in motor vehicle accidents, sports and in daily activities. He offers a comprehensive and high quality medical care for his patients. Dr Berkman offers the best possible treatment and utmost care to each individual to restore freedom of movement and relieve the pain of diseased and degenerative joints

In conclusion, orthopedic surgeons use a variety of methods to treat Degenerative Disc Disease, ranging from conservative measures like physical therapy and medication to advanced surgical interventions. The approach depends on the severity of the condition and the patient’s specific needs, with the goal of reducing pain, improving function, and enhancing the patient’s quality of life.